The Burden of Proof for Negligence
To legally shift the cost of a deductible to an owner under RCW 64.90.480, the Association must typically prove three things:
- Duty: The owner had a specific duty to maintain that exact pipe.
- Breach: The owner failed in that duty (e.g., they ignored a known leak or performed unpermitted DIY plumbing).
- Causation: That specific failure directly caused the rupture.
If a copper pipe fails due to a construction defect or electrolysis behind a wall, the owner generally cannot be held negligent. You cannot maintain what you cannot see, and Washington courts generally do not favor “strict liability”—the idea that you are responsible for everything within your four walls regardless of fault.
The “Common Expense” Safety Net
If negligence cannot be proven, the cost is a Common Expense. This means the $50,000 deductible is paid out of the Association’s operating or reserve funds. While this may lead to a small special assessment for everyone, it prevents a single owner from facing financial ruin over a systemic building failure.
Actionable Strategy: The Deductible Resolution
To avoid these disputes, your Board should adopt a formal Deductible Allocation Policy. This resolution should clarify:
Standard of Maintenance: What specific inspections are owners expected to perform? (e.g., checking under-sink valves annually).
Default Allocation: If no negligence is found, how is the deductible split?
H06 Requirements*: Formally requiring all owners to carry H06 insurance with “Loss Assessment Coverage” that matches the Association’s deductible.